Jakie są zasady użycia "be able to" zamiast "can"?

11 lat temuostatnia aktywność: 8 lat temu

Jakie sa zasady uzycia be able to zamiast can

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Lekcja: Napoje bezalkoholowe - Be able to - być w stanie

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Be able to - być w stanie

W niektórych sytuacjach, żeby uniknąć powtarzania się albo brzmieć nieco bardziej elokwentnie, zamiast słowa can możemy użyć zwrotu be able to.

Be able to (być w stanie) używa się podobnie jak can (móc):

We are able to help you. = Jesteśmy w stanie ci pomóc.

He's not able to walk with his broken leg. = On nie jest w stanie chodzić ze złamaną nogą.

Be able to zwykle nie jest używane w wyrażeniach takich jak: can see (móc zobaczyć), can hear (móc usłyszeć), itp., aby opisać to, co dzieje się w danym momencie:

I can see Martin's house from here. = Mogę stąd zobaczyć dom Martina. (zazwyczaj nie: ~~I am able to see...~~)

Can you hear me? = Czy mnie słyszysz? (w znaczeniu: czy jesteś w stanie usłyszeć to, co mówię)
(zazwyczaj nie: ~~Are you able to hear me?~~)

Zdania twierdzące z użyciem be able to tworzymy według poniższego schematu:

Podmiot	be w odpowiedniej formie	able to	bezokolicznik	reszta zdania
She	is	able to	swim	very fast.
She	was	able to	swim	very fast when she was young.

She is able to swim very fast. = Ona jest w stanie bardzo szybko pływać.

She was able to swim very fast when she was young. = Ona była w stanie bardzo szybko pływać jak była młoda.

A pytania w następujący sposób:

Be w odpowiedniej formie	podmiot	able to	bezokolicznik	reszta zdania
Is	she	able to	swim	very fast?
Was	she	able to	swim	very fast when she was young?

Is she able to swim very fast? = Czy ona jest w stanie bardzo szybko pływać?

Was she able to swim very fast when she was young? = Czy ona była w stanie bardzo szybko pływać jak była młoda?

Natomiast przeczenia z użyciem be able to ilustruje poniższa tabelka:

Podmiot	be w odpowiedniej formie	not	able to	bezokolicznik	reszta zdania
She	is	not	able to	swim	very fast.
She	was	not	able to	swim	very fast when she was young.

She is not able to swim very fast. = Ona nie jest w stanie szybko pływać.

She was not able to swim very fast when she was young. = Ona nie była w stanie bardzo szybko pływać jak była młoda.

Uwaga: w czasie Past Simple could i was/were able to mają nieco inne znaczenia. Porównaj przykłady:
When I was younger I could run very fast. = Kiedy byłem młodszy potrafiłem szybko biegać (ogólne odniesienie do umiejętności).
I was able to run 10 km yesterday. = Zdołałem przebiec wczoraj 10 km (nawiązanie do pojedynczej sytuacji).

Uwaga: w czasie Future Simple nie używamy can. Zamiast tego stosujemy zwrot be able to, np:
She will be able to swim very fast after those trainings. = Ona będzie w stanie szybko pływać po tych treningach.
Nie: ~~She will can swim very fast after those trainings.~~

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11 lat temu

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http://www.usingenglish.com/forum/ask-teacher/104328-can-vs-able.html

can/could/be able to (ability and possibility)

Can is a modal verb. It only has a present, past, and conditional form (but can also be used with a future meaning).

I can speak Spanish very well.
She could play the violin when she was three.
She can't come tonight. She's ill.
They couldn't wait because they were in a hurry.
Could you open that door, please?

You can use be able to in the present, past, future, present perfect, and as a gerund or infinitive.
be able to in the present and past is more formal than can and could.

I am able to accept your invitation.
They weren't able to come.
I'll be able to practise my English in London.
She has been able to speak French since she was a child.
I'd like to be able to ski.
I love being able to sleep late at weekends.

It's simpler and more direct to use "can". Using "be able to" can sound more formal.

Compare:

I am not able to answer your call now.
I can't answer your call now.

It's not possible to express ability using the present perfect with "can". You have to use "be able to".

Have you been able to contact Eric at Universal Electronics?

I've been trying, but I haven't been able to talk to him. I left a message

http://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verbs-modals_can_3.htm

Be able to
Although we look at be able to here, it is not a modal verb. It is simply the verb be plus an adjective (able) followed by the infinitive. We look at be able to here because we sometimes use it instead of can and could.
We use be able to:
• to talk about ability
Structure of Be able to
The structure of be able to is:
subject + be + able + infinitive
subject be
main verb able
adjective infinitive
+ I am able to drive.
- She is not able to drive.
isn't
? Are you able to drive?
Notice that be able to is possible in all tenses, for example:
• I was able to drive...
• I will be able to drive...
• I have been able to drive...
Notice too that be able to has an infinitive form:
• I would like to be able to speak Chinese.
Use of Be able to
Be able to is not a modal auxiliary verb. We include it here for convenience, because it is often used like "can" and "could", which are modal auxiliary verbs.
be able to: ability
We use be able to to express ability. "Able" is an adjective meaning: having the power, skill or means to do something. If we say "I am able to swim", it is like saying "I can swim". We sometimes use "be able to" instead of "can" or "could" for ability. "Be able to" is possible in all tenses - but "can" is possible only in the present and "could" is possible only in the past for ability. In addition, "can" and "could" have no infinitive form. So we use "be able to" when we want to use other tenses or the infinitive. Look at these examples:
• I have been able to swim since I was five. (present perfect)
• You will be able to speak perfect English very soon. (future simple)
• I would like to be able to fly an airplane. (infinitive)
Now check your understanding »

http://www.usingenglish.com/forum/ask-teacher/104328-can-vs-able.html

can/could/be able to (ability and possibility)

Can is a modal verb. It only has a present, past, and conditional form (but can also be used with a future meaning).

I can speak Spanish very well.
She could play the violin when she was three.
She can't come tonight. She's ill.
They couldn't wait because they were in a hurry.
Could you open that door, please?

You can use be able to in the present, past, future, present perfect, and as a gerund or infinitive. 
be able to in the present and past is more formal than can and could.

I am able to accept your invitation.
They weren't able to come.
I'll be able to practise my English in London.
She has been able to speak French since she was a child.
I'd like to be able to ski.
I love being able to sleep late at weekends.

It's simpler and more direct to use "can". Using "be able to" can sound more formal.

Compare:

I am not able to answer your call now. 
I can't answer your call now.

It's not possible to express ability using the present perfect with "can". You have to use "be able to".

Have you been able to contact Eric at Universal Electronics?

I've been trying, but I haven't been able to talk to him. I left a message

http://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verbs-modals_can_3.htm

Be able to
Although we look at be able to here, it is not a modal verb. It is simply the verb be plus an adjective (able) followed by the infinitive. We look at be able to here because we sometimes use it instead of can and could.
We use be able to:
•	to talk about ability
Structure of Be able to
The structure of be able to is:
subject + be + able + infinitive
 	subject	be
main verb	able
adjective	infinitive
+	I	am	able	to drive.
-	She	is not	able	to drive.
		isn't		
?	Are	you	able	to drive?
Notice that be able to is possible in all tenses, for example:
•	I was able to drive...
•	I will be able to drive...
•	I have been able to drive...
Notice too that be able to has an infinitive form:
•	I would like to be able to speak Chinese.
Use of Be able to
Be able to is not a modal auxiliary verb. We include it here for convenience, because it is often used like "can" and "could", which are modal auxiliary verbs.
be able to: ability
We use be able to to express ability. "Able" is an adjective meaning: having the power, skill or means to do something. If we say "I am able to swim", it is like saying "I can swim". We sometimes use "be able to" instead of "can" or "could" for ability. "Be able to" is possible in all tenses - but "can" is possible only in the present and "could" is possible only in the past for ability. In addition, "can" and "could" have no infinitive form. So we use "be able to" when we want to use other tenses or the infinitive. Look at these examples:
•	I have been able to swim since I was five. (present perfect)
•	You will be able to speak perfect English very soon. (future simple)
•	I would like to be able to fly an airplane. (infinitive)
Now check your understanding »